Particle-resolved simulation of freely evolving particle suspensions: Flow physics and modeling

The objective of this study is to understand the dynamics freely evolving particle suspensions over a wide range particle-to-fluid density ratios. are characterized by average momentum equation, where dominant contribution transfer between particles and fluid drag force. In study, force quantified using particle-resolved direct numerical simulation in canonical problem: statistically homogeneous suspension an imposed mean pressure gradient establishes steady slip velocity phases. effects fluctuations, clustering, mobility studied separately. It shown that competing these factors could decrease, increase, or keep constant comparison fixed beds at different flow conditions. also clustering fluctuations not independent. Finally, correlation for interphase terms volume fraction, Reynolds number, ratio proposed. Two approaches (symbolic regression predefined functional forms) used develop correlation. Since has been inferred from simulations suspensions, it includes effect motion particles. This can be computational particle-laden flows solve two-fluid equations accuracy law affects prediction overall behavior.